How teens invented the Native Youth Olympics

[SCRAPING] JOY DOLO: Very interesting. Oh, got to highlight that too. Oh, and can't forget that.

ALI: Joy? Are you in here?

JOY DOLO: Hmm. If everything on the page is highlighted, is that the same as nothing being highlighted? But it's all so interesting.

[SCRAPES]

ALI: Joy? Ah, there you are.

JOY DOLO: Oh, hey, Ali.

ALI: What's up with all these books? They're almost stacked to the ceiling.

JOY DOLO: Oh, these? Just my latest library haul. You wouldn't believe how many books you can check out these days.

ALI: It appears the limit does not exist.

JOY DOLO: Actually, it's 50 per library. Ha! So obviously, I went to a lot of libraries, all in the name of research.

ALI: What are you researching?

JOY DOLO: Well, you see, ever since I started going to hot yoga, I've really been in my Sporty Spice era.

ALI: Sporty Spice?

JOY DOLO: Yeah, ask your parents. Anywho, I'm really interested in different sports throughout history. You know what they say, the pipeline from hot yoga to knee-deep historical sports research is real.

ALI: Do people say that?

JOY DOLO: I'm people, so yes. And I've been learning so much cool stuff. Let me find the right page. Here it is. Did you know, in ancient Egypt, they played a game like hockey with sticks made out of palm tree branches?

ALI: That is so cool.

JOY DOLO: Or like how people in India have been playing this tag-like game called kho kho for hundreds of years? It even has its own league today.

ALI: That sounds so fun.

JOY DOLO: I know! And in Alaska--

[FLIPS PAGES]

Aha! There's this event called the Native Youth Olympics.

ALI: Joy, I know all about the Native Youth Olympics. I've even competed.

JOY DOLO: What? That's awesome! You're sporty and a first-hand primary source. My sporting and history research dreams are coming true all at once. You know what that means.

ALI: We should do a whole episode about the Native Youth Olympics?

JOY DOLO: Yes! Let's do it!

[THEME MUSIC]

JOY DOLO: Welcome to Forever Ago from APM Studios. I'm Joy Dolo, and I'm here today with Ali from Anchorage, Alaska!

ALI: Hi, Joy.

JOY DOLO: Forever Ago is a nonprofit public radio program, which means we rely on support from our listeners to keep the show going. There are lots of ways you can support the show.

ALI: You can donate, become a Smarty Pass subscriber, or buy our merch.

JOY DOLO: Head to foreverago.org to show your support.

ALI: Thank you.

JOY DOLO: So today we're talking about a special sporting event that happens every year in Alaska.

ALI: It's called the Native Youth Olympics.

JOY DOLO: Hundreds of students from across the state come together to compete in different games that honor traditional skills from Alaska Native culture. Alaska Natives are a group of people whose ancestors have lived in the area we now call Alaska for thousands of years.

ALI: The games they play test your balance, strength, and focus.

JOY DOLO: All skills that were necessary for hunting and surviving in Alaska's extreme climate.

ALI: Any student can compete in the Native Youth Olympics, native or non-native.

JOY DOLO: The Native Youth Olympics are for students from 7th to 12th grade, and there's an open version for people older than 18 years old.

ALI: There's also a junior version for younger students.

JOY DOLO: Right. Ali, you've competed in the Junior Native Youth Olympics. What was your experience like? Tell us about it.

ALI: Well, my experience is very, very wholesome because there's a lot of people who are better and help to try to make you feel like you're at your top level and making you feel really good even if you make mistakes.

JOY DOLO: Oh, that's nice. So when did you start?

ALI: Well, there's a story where I started to do something called toe-knuckle walk. You take off your socks, and you kind of curl your toes and put the bone-- when you're curling it like the knuckle-- onto the ground on both feet, and you just start walking. And that was used so when hunters were doing that so they could un-numb their toes or keep their toes not numb from the coldness.

JOY DOLO: Oh!

ALI: And it's just a memory of me, and that's probably how long I've started.

JOY DOLO: OK. I think I could actually use that in Minnesota because it gets pretty cold here.

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: I know that the games are based on actual things that Alaska Native people would do to survive. Is there a certain part of the sport where you're like, oh, I can see how this would have been used in another time?

ALI: Yeah. There's a sport called the four-man carry. It's when you carry four men, each weighing 150 pounds. And you're-- can walk the farthest distance, trying to simulate your having four seals on you. And you're trying to go the farthest until you collapse.

JOY DOLO: So that's like 600 pounds?

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: That's hard. That's hard. What do people-- after you do an event, do you win anything? Is there a prize?

ALI: Yeah. So it depends where you are. So there's something called Arctic Winter Games, which has one of the categories as arctic sports in which all the NYO games. And if you win, you get a traditional native knife, which isn't real or anything. It's a metal, but it's a shape of this knife that has a handle. And it's called an ulu or an uluaq. And they miniaturize it and put it as gold, silver, or bronze.

JOY DOLO: Oh, man, that's so neat, an uluaq. Did I say that right?

ALI: Uluaq.

JOY DOLO: Uluaq.

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: [GIGGLES] Cool, uluaq. I got it. So you've been playing for quite some time. Do you have any favorite memories from the games?

ALI: Yeah, it was pretty recent. It's when I was in state, and I was doing one for high kick. It was me and the other kid, and we were kicking for first place. And then the moment when I hit it, I felt so happy because I got first.

JOY DOLO: [GASPS]

ALI: We tied for first.

JOY DOLO: Oh my gosh.

ALI: Yeah. We hit 79 inches.

JOY DOLO: 79 inches? That's taller than me, even with my dog standing on my head. It's tall. So just to back up, this was when you were doing the one-foot high kick competition. That's when you jump in the air and kick a ball hanging from a string with one foot. The trick is, you have to land back on the ground with the same foot you used to kick the ball, which seems really hard. Do you have a technique you use?

ALI: Yeah. There's a certain step that you use, and you also have to breathe. But you have to put both feet on the ground first and accel your body in the air. And you have to bring up one leg and kick it. And sometimes I need to work on, pushing my back backwards while I'm in the air so I can really extend my leg.

JOY DOLO: Uh-huh.

ALI: And also, it's a good thing to point your toe so you can get higher.

JOY DOLO: OK. So you bend, and you point your toe, and you arch your back. I'm trying to-- it sounds a lot like yoga, so I'm trying to figure out how to do that. That's really impressive, though. I bet you they're really proud of you, huh?

ALI: Mm-hmm.

JOY DOLO: Yeah. And you must have been pretty proud of yourself too.

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: I mean, first, that's a pretty big deal. And you mentioned that your dad does this as well, right?

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: Did he introduce you to the games?

ALI: Yeah. It's also a part of his culture.

JOY DOLO: Right, yeah, yeah. Well, that's cool. So he's including you in his culture, and you're learning from it and taking from it too. That's nice.

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: I love family. [LAUGHS] Like we mentioned, the Native Youth Olympics takes place in Alaska, and it all started thanks to some homesick students. But before we get to that, we first have to talk about our big, beautiful 49th state.

ALI: Big is right. Alaska is bigger than Montana, California, and Texas combined.

JOY DOLO: And there are some truly amazing things there-- icy glaciers, volcanoes, North America's tallest peak, and of course, lots of moose and bears.

ALI: As we mentioned, Alaska is home to many Alaska Natives. These are people who have lived in the area for thousands of years, long before it became a US state.

JOY DOLO: They live in communities and villages all across the region. I know I've got a book with a map of Alaska somewhere. Nope. Nope, that's not it. There's that jar of dill pickles I was looking for.

ALI: Uh, Joy?

[OPENING JAR]

JOY DOLO: Mm, pickles. Oh, right, the book. Aha! Here it is. So like we mentioned, Alaska Native people live all across the state in different groups. Check out this map. The three biggest groups are the Inupiaq people who live in the North.

ALI: And the Athabascan people in the central and eastern part of Alaska.

JOY DOLO: And the Yup'ik people in the southwest.

ALI: I'm Yup'ik.

JOY DOLO: So cool. There's also more than 200 federally recognized tribes in Alaska alone.

ALI: That's almost as many than the rest of the entire United States. And they speak more than 20 languages.

JOY DOLO: There are a handful of bigger cities in Alaska, but most people live in smaller towns, including lots of these Alaska Native villages.

ALI: These villages are often pretty remote. There aren't roads to get to them, so you can only travel there by plane or sometimes boat.

JOY DOLO: Some only have a few hundred people living there. And for a long time, most of these Alaska Native villages didn't have formal schools. So back in the early 1900s, government officials would often send Alaska Native students far from their homes to boarding schools.

[PIANO TUNES]

ALI: This was more than a hundred years ago, back when most people in the US didn't have cars, phones, or even plumbing in their houses.

JOY DOLO: Right. Most of the schools where Native students were sent were in other states like Oregon, Oklahoma, and Pennsylvania. These were boarding schools, which meant students lived there for the whole school year.

ALI: The government forced Native kids to go to these schools, often against the wishes of their families. Life at the boarding schools was very hard.

JOY DOLO: They weren't allowed to wear traditional clothes from their native culture or speak their own language. They were forced to cut their hair. Sometimes, they didn't get enough to eat or were forced to work instead of going to class.

ALI: The people who ran these boarding schools often didn't let students contact their families back home, which meant students were completely cut off from their communities.

JOY DOLO: Hundreds of thousands of Native kids from all over the US were sent to these boarding schools, not just Alaska Natives. And the programs kept going for decades.

ALI: Fast forward mid 1960s, officials in Alaska were still trying to figure out how to educate Native students in remote villages, and they decided to try something new.

JOY DOLO: Instead of only sending students to live far away at boarding schools, they came up with a different idea-- send them to live with other families in bigger cities across Alaska, like Anchorage. Once the students got there, they went to high school in those cities.

ALI: But the families they lived with were often white, and they weren't always familiar with Alaska Native culture and traditions.

JOY DOLO: Holding on to their Alaskan Native heritage was tough for these students. For decades, generations of students were sent away from their homes and villages.

ALI: And sometimes, those students were told to forget their culture.

JOY DOLO: But instead of forgetting it, a group of kids found a way to celebrate their culture together. And in doing so, they would create something new.

ALI: The Native Youth Olympics!

JOY DOLO: [LAUGHS] Yes! I can't wait for us to tell the next part of the story. But first, it's time for a different kind of game.

SINGERS: First Things First!

[THEME MUSIC]

JOY DOLO: This is the game where we take three things from history and try to put them in order of which came first, second, and most recent in time. And since we're surrounded by so many library books, let's do three books. We have Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Curious George, and The Lorax. Ali, do you know these books?

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: Which do you think came first, which came second, and which came most recently in history? And mind you, we're talking about the books, not the movies.

ALI: Yeah. So I think Dr. Seuss is old, and I think he made The Lorax first.

JOY DOLO: Yeah.

ALI: Curious George, I remember that when I was a kid, and we used to have a book of Curious George that was like an Easter book. And for some reason, for a long time, it smelled like chemicals.

JOY DOLO: [LAUGHS] It was like Easter chemicals?

ALI: Yeah. Yeah. And Diary of a Wimpy Kid, I remember that coming out-- well, I can't remember it, but I think it's in 2014 or 2012, something like that.

JOY DOLO: Oh, OK.

ALI: I'm going to go with Curious George and then Diary of a Wimpy Kid.

JOY DOLO: OK. So you're going to go, the oldest is The Lorax, and then the second is Curious George, and then the most recent is Diary of a Wimpy Kid?

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: Oh, that sounds like a good guess. We'll hear the answers at the end of the episode right after the credits.

ALI: So stick around!

[THEME MUSIC]

JOY DOLO: We're working on an episode all about the Girl Scouts. Girl Scouts earn badges for gaining special skills, like learning how to do first aid, or cooking a delicious meal, or even being a great friend. And we want to know, if you could give a badge to an important person in your life, what badge would you give them and why?

For me, I would give my mom a badge, and it would be the best hugger badge because when she hugs me, it's so tight. Sometimes I have trouble breathing, but it's just her love smothering me. What about you, Ali? Is there someone in your life who deserves a badge for something?

ALI: Yeah. I think someone in my life who would deserve a badge is my parents. I would give them a badge for my education and helping me down the road of acknowledging my culture, like the Native Youth Olympics. So that's the badge I would give them.

JOY DOLO: Nice. That's so nice. Listeners, we want to hear from you too. Record yourself describing who you would give a badge to and what it would be for and send it to us at foreverago.org/contact.

ALI: You can also send us questions and fan art.

JOY DOLO: Yes, like a drawing of me surrounded by all these towers of books from the library? Can't wait to see it.

[THEME MUSIC]

SPEAKER: Brains On Universe is a family of podcasts for kids and their adults. Since you're a fan of Forever Ago, you'll love the other shows in our universe. Come on. Let's explore.

COMPUTER: It's alien exercise hour. Hiya, hoo, ha! While I stretch my snoodles and bounce on my trampoline, I'll listen to a new podcast. Ha! [LAUGHS]

[BUZZER]

I'm going to try Smash Boom Best, the best debate podcast ever!

[BEEPS]

MOLLY BLOOM: Tell us why Alice in Wonderland has such grand command.

DEBATER: Drop the beat.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

(RAPPING) Ladies and gentlemen, esteemed judge of Smash Boom Best, I'd like to start with a few rhymes. Uh, yo. Catch me in the rabbit hole, dazzled by a magic show. By the--

[BEEPS]

COMPUTER: Zorp! Come back here, podcast.

[BEEPS]

Must listen to Smash Boom Best now!

SPEAKER: Listen to Smash Boom Best wherever you get your podcasts.

[THEME MUSIC]

JOY DOLO: You're listening to Forever Ago. I'm Joy.

ALI: And I'm Ali. And just in case you were wondering, yes, we are still surrounded by Joy's stacks of library books.

JOY DOLO: Contrary to popular belief, they are organized.

ALI: By genre or alphabetically?

JOY DOLO: No. Actually, I use my own Dolo Decimal System, so each stack is grouped by the author's astrological sign then whether they like crunchy or creamy peanut butter. See? War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy. Obviously, Tolstoy was a Virgo and a crunchy peanut butter man, so this one goes right on top.

[BOOKS FALLING]

ALI: Uh-oh, book stack down.

JOY DOLO: Oh, for the love of Tolstoy! We can clean that up later. But for now, let's get back to today's topic, the Native Youth Olympics.

ALI: The Native Youth Olympics is an annual sporting event that honors traditional skills from Alaska Native culture.

JOY DOLO: But this culture wasn't always celebrated by everyone. Before the break, we learned that for decades, Alaska Native kids were often separated from their families and their traditional culture. Lots of kids were sent away to boarding schools.

ALI: In the 1960s, there was a different program that sent native students from remote villages to bigger cities in Alaska.

JOY DOLO: These students lived with host families in those cities so they could go to high school. Often, these native students lived with white families.

ALI: Fast forward to 1970.

[UPBEAT MUSIC]

Bell-bottom pants are the latest trend, and handheld calculators were a new invention.

JOY DOLO: During winter break, there was a group of students who couldn't afford to go back home and had to stay in Anchorage, Alaska.

ALI: They were staying with their host families instead.

JOY DOLO: Some of these families asked the Native students what they usually did during the holidays.

ALI: And these students said they played games.

JOY DOLO: Now, these games were different from other games, like Candy Land or Monopoly. These were traditional Alaska Native games that had been passed down for generations.

ALI: So these kids got together and played these native games. It was so fun, they wanted to do it again.

JOY DOLO: Then a few months later, the students and a group of volunteers organized a small event.

ALI: The first official Native Youth Olympics!

JOY DOLO: The year was 1971.

ALI: Dozens of kids from 12 schools packed in a gymnasium in Anchorage, Alaska.

JOY DOLO: People came from nearby, others from far away.

ALI: Some students even traveled from across the state.

JOY DOLO: All for a chance to play.

[CHEERING]

ALI: It was a blast. The first Native Youth Olympics was in 1971, but these games were much older than that.

NICOLE JOHNSON: These are games that have been around for hundreds and hundreds of years.

ALI: That's Nicole Johnson. She's the head official and instructor at the Native Youth Olympics.

JOY DOLO: She helps organize the games and teaches others about them.

ALI: Nicole is also Alaska Native and a former Native Youth Olympics athlete herself.

JOY DOLO: Nicole says these games were first invented by Native people as a way to practice important skills.

NICOLE JOHNSON: Before western or eastern society moved into Alaska or just into the north, you had to survive off of the land, also because you had to walk everywhere, you had to move with the seasons, they were nomadic.

[WIND HOWLING]

It is tough to live off of the land. You have to know where to hunt and fish, which berries and greens and roots that you can eat and use for medicine. So they created games to test the strengths of our people physically and mentally.

ALI: These athletic games helped train native people to survive in intense environments around them.

JOY DOLO: People had to be skilled hunters to catch fish and seals.

ALI: It was also important to have good balance to be quick on your feet.

JOY DOLO: Right, especially when walking on delicate ice on rivers or oceans.

ALI: These games also helped to build a community.

JOY DOLO: When you were out traveling and hunting, you had to be able to rely on and support one another. So these games were not only a way to train your body but also a way to help develop friendships.

ALI: There are so many different games. A popular one is called Inuit stick pull. That's when two people sit on the ground facing each other with their soles of their feet pressed together and spotters that would hold their hips and their feet together.

JOY DOLO: A stick is placed between the two people, and the goal is to pull the stick away from the other person, kind of like a tug of war.

ALI: This game builds the same strength that Native hunters used to pull seals out of the water and onto the ice.

JOY DOLO: Another popular game is called the one-foot high kick. Ali, this is the game that we talked about earlier that you've competed in.

ALI: Right. That's where you start off standing and then jump up.

JOY DOLO: And while you're in the air, you kick and kick a ball hanging from a string.

ALI: Yeah. You had to kick the ball with just one foot and land on only the foot that you used to kick the ball with.

JOY DOLO: Players take turns, and the ball is raised higher and higher until there's only one player left.

ALI: The player who kicks the ball to highest height wins.

JOY DOLO: So the one-foot high kick was first used as a way for hunters to communicate a successful hunt to one another.

ALI: Yeah. It can be really flat out there on the tundra or the arctic ice, so you can see from very far distances. So you could do one-foot high kick as a way to communicate a good hunt even from far away.

JOY DOLO: Sort of like using sign language but with your entire body. I love using body language to send messages. It beats regular texting any day, like when I do jazz hands to show I just picked up a new library book, just like this.

[PIANO TUNES]

[BOOKS FALL]

Another stack bites the dust. Aw! I'll clean that one up later.

ALI: Games like the Inuit stick pull and one-foot high kick have been passed down from generation to generation.

JOY DOLO: They were partly tradition but also just fun. Since the first Native Youth Olympics in 1971, the games have grown bigger and bigger, drawing more and more people every year.

ALI: Today, there are over 500 students who compete in the Native Youth Olympics.

JOY DOLO: Some of the games are even a part of gym classes at schools across Alaska.

ALI: Community is still at the heart of these games today. Here's Nicole again.

NICOLE JOHNSON: Today, when we play these games, we pass on that sense of community and encouragement to one another. For example, when athletes compete against each other, they coach each other. Other coaches help other coaches with tips and tricks on how to kick higher, jump farther, techniques on strength events. And it's really just all about community and sportsmanship.

JOY DOLO: That sounds so supportive, Ali. How does the Native Youth Olympics feel different from other sporting events you've been to?

ALI: It's more open of mistakes, unlike from hockey when they get so mad. And it's more of a way to show how you compete. And it's not really that you're competing against other players, you're competing against yourself, seeing how high you can get and your personal best record of how high you could jump, kick.

JOY DOLO: I love what you said that it's like competing against yourself as opposed to against another person. It really adds to that sense of community when you're kind of just focusing on doing the best that you can. And in that way, you can kind of encourage someone else to do the best that they can. And it is true, a lot of sports that I see-- like hockey, or basketball, or football, or whatever-- it does seem like it's so competitive, and people get so angry.

ALI: Yeah. It's more like you're rooting for one team. Though in the Native Youth Olympics, you're rooting for everyone.

JOY DOLO: Listeners, if you want to learn more about the Native Youth Olympics and watch videos of different events, we'll have some links in our show notes.

ALI: So check them out!

JOY DOLO: And in the spirit of camaraderie, what do you say we return some library books together? I think at least a dozen of these might be a wee bit overdue.

ALI: Teamwork makes the dream work, but how are we going to carry all of them? There are hundreds.

JOY DOLO: Oh, ye of little faith. I have a plan. Just let me back up my bookdozer. Put on this hard hat and start tossing books in the bookdozer.

[BEEPS]

Yeehaw!

[THEME MUSIC]

JOY DOLO: The Native Youth Olympics is a sporting event that honors Alaska Native traditions.

ALI: These games have existed for hundreds or maybe even thousands of years. We played them as a way to test our skills and build community.

JOY DOLO: Alaska Native culture was not always celebrated. Many Alaska Native children were sent away to boarding schools and programs where they were separated from their own traditions.

ALI: However, a group of Alaska Native students came together to celebrate their culture through the games, and the Native Youth Olympics was born.

JOY DOLO: The Native Youth Olympics continue to grow in popularity, and community and sportsmanship remain at the center of the games. This episode was written by--

RUBY GUTHRIE: Ruby Guthrie.

JOY DOLO: --and--

SHAHLA FARZAN: Shahla Farzan.

JOY DOLO: It was produced and fact-checked by--

NICO GONZALEZ WISLER: Nico Gonzalez Wisler.

JOY DOLO: --and edited by--

SANDEN TOTTEN: Sanden Totten.

JOY DOLO: Engineering help from Alex Simpson and Derek Jaquez with sound design by--

RACHEL BREES: Rachel Brees.

JOY DOLO: Original theme music by--

MARC SANCHEZ: Marc Sanchez.

JOY DOLO: We had additional production help from the rest of the Brains On Universe team.

MOLLY BLOOM: Molly Bloom.

ROSIE DUPONT: Rosie Dupont.

ANNA GOLDFIELD: Anna Goldfield.

LAUREN HUMPERT: Lauren Humpert.

JOSHUA RAY: Joshua Ray.

REBECCA RAND: Rebecca Rand.

MARC SANCHEZ: Marc Sanchez.

CHARLOTTE TRAVER: Charlotte Traver.

ANNA WEGGEL: Anna Weggel.

JOY DOLO: --and--

ARON WOLDESLASSIE: Aron Woldeslassie.

JOY DOLO: Beth Pearlman is our executive producer, and the executives-in-charge of APM Studios are Chandra Kavati and Joanne Griffith. Special thanks to Dr. Maria Williams, Kyle Worl, Nicole Johnson, and Lauren and Phillip Blanchett.

ALI: And if you want to access the ad-free episodes and special bonus stuff, subscribe to our Smarty Pass.

JOY DOLO: OK, Ali, are you ready to hear the answers for First Things First?

ALI: Yes, let's do it.

JOY DOLO: OK. So as a reminder, first up, you said The Lorax, and then Curious George, and then Diary of a Wimpy Kid.

ALI: Yes.

JOY DOLO: All right. Let's see what the answer is. OK. So first up is Curious George--

ALI: Really?

JOY DOLO: --actually. Yeah. Curious George was written and illustrated by a German couple in 1941. And the couple's name was HA and Margret Rey. And the Reys were both German Jews. And in 1940, they had to flee Europe to escape Nazi rule. So the Curious George manuscript was one of the few items that they brought with them.

ALI: Uh-huh.

JOY DOLO: Since its first publication in 1941, the original Curious George has never run out of print. Mind blown! Curious George in 1941? I remember reading Curious George.

ALI: Wow. I did not expect it to be that old.

JOY DOLO: Me neither. Wow. So Curious George was first, and then next up was The Lorax, actually, which I thought would be the oldest because of Dr. Seuss because he's old, like you said. [LAUGHS]

But it was written by Dr. Seuss in 1971. He wrote The Lorax after reflecting on his own concerns about the destruction of the environment, like trees being cut down. The Lorax has since become an animated movie and is now often used as a symbol for the environmental movement. And you said you've seen it too, right?

ALI: Yeah.

JOY DOLO: So that means last but not least is Diary of a Wimpy Kid, which you were absolutely right about. That was the most recent. And so that came out in 2007.

ALI: Oh.

JOY DOLO: Yeah, so not too long ago. That was written and illustrated by Jeff Kinney, and it is one of the best-selling book series of all time.

ALI: And they're still making more.

JOY DOLO: And they're still making more, yeah. We'll be back next week with a new episode about the history of fireworks.

ALI: Thanks for listening!

[THEME MUSIC]